norovirus_0Noroviruses are a strain of highly contagious pathogens that are believed to be the main cause of gastroenteritis in America. Affecting nearly 21 million people annually, the virus has numerous strains that easily mutate, making production of a lasting vaccine almost impossible.

The major symptoms of norovirus infections include diarrhea, vomiting, nausea and stomach pains. Because of the symptoms, it is commonly referred to as the stomach flu, but in reality, there is no link between the virus and the flu. Other symptoms may include fever, headaches and joint aches. The symptoms usually clear up within one to two days. Should symptoms become severe, manifested by intense dehydration, immediate treatment should be sought. The norovirus infection could be particularly severe in people with weak immune systems such as infants or the elderly. The virus is normally transmitted through contact with an infected person or surface. It also spreads quickly in crowded areas such as schools and hospitals.

It is highly advised that any infected person be temporarily quarantined to prevent spreading of the virus. Also, another measure that one could take against spreading of the virus is that people who are infected should not handle food that is to be served to other people. Due to the high number of norovirus-related outbreaks in the country, especially due to contaminated greens and fruits, one should wash these foods thoroughly before eating them. The virus also commonly contaminates shellfish and therefore one should be very careful when eating that as well.

At present there is no treatment for the virus and antibiotics are no help as the infection is viral and not bacterial. However, should one be infected, they should drink plenty of water to replace the fluids lost from the body. Other liquids that could help include sports drinks, non-caffeinated and non-alcoholic drinks.